Nickel- Ni is the chemical symbol of nickel in the VIIIB group of the periodic table and its atomic number is 28. Its density is 8.908 g/cm³. The melting and boiling points of nickel are 1728K (1455 °C, 2651 °F) and 3186 K, (2913 °C, 5275 °F) respectively. Pure nickel is a silvery grey metal. When it is exposed to air, a layer of the basic oxide surface is formed to protect nickel from further oxidation. Therefore, the nickel we see is usually grey white. Nickel is hard, malleable, ductile and can be highly polished. It is the fifth most common element on Earth, usually existing in the form of its compounds. With good properties, nickel is often made into stainless steel, structural alloy steels and other kinds of steel, high nickel base alloys and batteries. Nickel is widely used in military industrial manufacturing, civil machinery manufacturing and the electroplating industry.
Nickel is one of the most common allergenic metals, and about 10%-20% of people are allergic to nickel ion.
- Nickel: discovery and industry development
- Before nickel’s actual discovery and isolation, it had been used unintentionally by human beings for centuries. It had been mistaken by ancients for silver, copper and steel. Traced back to 3500 BC, Syrian bronzes contained a small amount of nickel. Between 1700 BC and 1400 BC...
- Nickel: resource distribution and production
- World Resources: Identified land-based resources averaging 1% nickel or greater contain at least 130 million tons of nickel. About 60% is in laterites and 40% is in sulfide deposits. Extensive resources of nickel are also found in manganese crusts and nodules covering large areas of the ocean floor...
- Nickel: uses
- Nickel-containing products play an important role in our daily lives. Compared with other materials, nickel-containing products possess better corrosion resistance, greater toughness, more strength at high and low temperatures, and a range of special magnetic and electronic properties...
- Nickel: smelting
- Nickel is recovered through extractive metallurgy: it is extracted from its ores by conventional roasting and reduction processes that yield a metal of greater than 75% purity. In many stainless steel applications, 75% pure nickel can be used without further purification, depending...
- Nickel: health effects
- Nickel is widely used in many areas in our daily life, for example coins, jewellery, mobile phones, magnets, electronics and kitchen wares. With its excellent properties, it is of great importance in people’s lives. However, for human beings, it may also present significant health hazards...
- Classification of nickel alloys
- Nickel alloys are designated by various designation systems however the alloys are usually identified according to their trade names. There are four main groups of nickel alloys: commercially pure nickel alloys...
- Nickel: industry associations and famous companies
- The Nickel Institute is a non-profit organization that represents the interests of 22 companies which together produce more than 75% of the world’s annual nickel output. The mission of the Nickel Institute is to promote and support the use of nickel in appropriate applications...
- Contents
- Reference
- Nickel--U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, February 2014
- Nickel--Wikipedia
- Flash smelting--Wikipedia
- Nickel Chemistry
- Nickel
- Development of nickel/metal-hydride batteries for EVs and HEVs--ScienceDirect
- Canadian Mineral Production--Natural Resources Canada
- Nickel Ore Mining in Australia: Market Research Report--IBISWorld
- Commercially pure nickel alloys--SubsTech
- Cupronickel--Wikipedia
- Where & Why Nickel is Used--Nickel Institute
- Nickel battery recycling--The Metal Casting.com
- Why nickel is recycled--Nickel Institute
- "Primary" Nickel and "Secondary" Nickel--Nickel Institute
- Recycling and Environmental issues--International Nickel Study Group
- Nickel Institute
- International Nickel Study Group
- Toxic Substances Portal-Nickel--ATSDR
- Parmelia Resources identifies nickel sulphide potential at Jaurdi Hills--proactiveinvestors.com.au
- CAF Invests into the Largest Ferro-nickel Project in Indonesia--China Asian Fund
- Colombia's Cerro Matoso ferronickel mine partly reopens--Yahoo Finance
- Nickel and Chrome Plating-A Brief History--PRIORS
- History--electroplating.wikispaces.com
- Acid Leach Process--METMOC
- Nickel--Process
- NICKEL FLASH SMELTING--Outotec.com
- Core Facilities : Niihama Nickel Refinery--SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO., LTD
- Uses of nickel--LARCO
- Classification of nickel alloys--SubTechs